Key type of sugar found near center of Milky Way galaxy

July 13 (UPI) -- Scientists have discovered erythrulose, a type of sugar also found in raspberries, in a gas cloud near the center of the Milky Way, the galaxy that also includes our solar system.

This is the first time that researchers have discovered this sugar outside our solar system, although they have found other sugars, including ribose and glucose, in meteorites and asteroids. The study was published Monday in the journal Nature Astronomy.

Along with water and carbon, sugars are a key ingredient in life as we know it. They help to provide energy and serve other important purposes, researchers said.

"We were able to achieve this detection thanks to the combination of exceptionally sensitive observations, extensive frequency coverage and highly accurate laboratory spectroscopic data," said Dr. Izaskun Jiménez-Serra, study co-author and staff researcher at the Spanish National Research Council. "In addition, our astronomical target is one of the richest chemical inventories in the galaxy, which enhances the probabilities of detection."

Jiménez-Serra said erythrulose is "particularly relevant for the field of origins of life."

Erythrulose is made up of four carbon atoms. It was confirmed by use of the Yebes 40-meter telescope and IRAM 30-meter telescopes in Spain, the study said.

The discovery is notable in part because it shows researchers that erythrulose could be found in the interstellar medium before finding its way into rocky planets such as Earth when they first formed, rather than later developing on the young planet. Lab experiments had shown that not enough of the sugar could have formed on pre-life Earth.

"The findings suggest that erythrulose can be made from simpler molecules on dust grains in space, and may then become part of more complex chemical systems," researchers said.

Erythrulose is important because it changes the makeup of threose, another sugar, which in turn may be part of the origin of the nucleic acids that became RNA and DNA.

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This story was originally published July 13, 2026 at 6:59 PM.